The bacteria present in the gut microbiota have very important direct and indirect roles. Each group of bacteria is responsible for important tasks that directly affect the entire human body: intestinal mucosa health, renewal and maintenance of the thickness of the mucus layer that serves as a biological protector for the intestinal mucosa, histaminergic (histamine-producing) microbiota, microbiota rich in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that trigger and initiate inflammation, microbiota responsible for immune system regulation (immune modulation), neuro-active microbiota, microbiota responsible for the fermentation of fibers and the production of short-chain fatty acids, microbiota responsible for the integrity of the intestinal barrier, butyrate-producing microbiota, and many other tasks.

The root cause of the activation of inflammation is the imbalances in the human gut microbiota.