Recently, in measurements of heavy metal and mineral levels in children with autism, it was determined that there was no elevation in heavy metals, and both zinc and selenium were found to be low. Zinc is an important cofactor for the activation of the immune system and inflammation pathways. So, when these two mechanisms are active, the zinc in the body is used up, reducing its amount. Selenium, on the other hand, has antioxidant properties. In the case of the activation of oxidative stress pathways, antioxidant mechanisms are activated to control oxidative stress. In this context, the amount of selenium in the body is reduced.

One of the conditions where both zinc and selenium are low is increased intestinal permeability. Reduced intake and especially excessive consumption of refined carbohydrates for zinc are also possible; however, the combined deficiency of both more strongly suggests and supports the activation of inflammation and oxidative stress pathways.