As a fundamental element for sustaining life, nutrition plays a crucial role for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A healthy diet contributes positively to brain function, helps reduce autism-related symptoms, improves behavioral conditions, alleviates symptoms of accompanying illnesses, and enhances overall quality of life.

Individuals with autism often experience significant nutritional challenges. Issues such as digestive system problems and eating disorders can lead to severe long-term health complications. A healthy diet plays a vital role in improving gastrointestinal issues in individuals with autism. Common problems include constipation, diarrhea, reflux, vomiting, abdominal pain and discomfort, gas, foul-smelling stools, food intolerances, and leaky gut syndrome. Constipation is reported to be four times more prevalent in individuals with autism compared to their peers. This is largely due to food selectivity and limited diets caused by sensitivities to the smell, taste, or texture of certain foods.

A diet lacking fiber and variety can further trigger digestive system issues. These symptoms can lead to irritability, self-harm or aggression, repetitive vocalizations, excessive shouting, and sleep disturbances. Additionally, some necessary medications used due to dietary habits or behavioral problems can cause imbalances in body composition and sudden weight gain.

As a result, poor nutrition can exacerbate autism symptoms. Furthermore, various dietary interventions have been found effective in alleviating symptoms associated with autism.