At the monthly training meetings and seminars I attended, organized by the Lurie Center for Autism at Massachusetts General Hospital and Mass General for Children in Boston, USA, the August 2024 meeting featured a scientific discussion on the five main conditions that may accompany autism and the necessary steps for their management:

1. Sleep Disorders

2. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

3. Anxiety

4. Depression

5. Irritability (easy and prolonged anger)

In recent years, scientific research and published articles have reported that in the developmental mechanisms of many additional problems that can accompany autism, the role of gut microbiota imbalances, the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and the activation of unwanted pathways and their resulting medical consequences have been highlighted.

Many molecules produced by the bacteria in the gut microbiota, and especially the signaling molecules (neurotransmitters) that affect brain biochemistry and functions, and consequently behaviors, play an important role in this context.